Papers - HIRONOBU Shiwachi
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The use of cassava leaf silage as a substitute for concentrate feed in sheep Reviewed
A. Sudarman, M. Hayashida, I. R. Puspitaning, A. Jayanegara, H. Shiwachi
Tropical Animal Health and Production 2016.07
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
We aimed to evaluate nutrient intake, performance and rumen fermentation of sheep fed cassava leaf silage(CLS). Sixteen growing Java thin-tailed male sheep (body weight (BW) 20.4 ± 1.9 kg) were fed one of the following dietary treatments: T0 (100 % forage); T1 (100 % chopped forage); T2 (80 % chopped forage + 20 % concentrate); and T3 (80 % chopped forage + 20 % CLS). Nutrient intake, production performance and rumen fermentation characteristics were measured. There was no significant effect on the consumption of dry matter, whereas there was a significant effect
(P < 0.05) on the consumption of crude protein, fat, crude fibre and total digestible nutrients. Concentrate or CLS at a 20 % level could increase BWand feed efficiency. No significant difference was observed in total bacteria; however,concentrate could increase total protozoa (P < 0.05). Total volatile fatty acids were higher in T2 than in T3, but ammonia concentration was higher in T3 than in T2. In conclusion, feeding 20% cassava leaf silage greatly improved sheep performance,approaching that achieved by feeding concentrate. -
Growth and Productivity of Tubers Originated from Vine Cuttings―Mini-seed Tuber in Yams (Dioscorea spp.). Reviewed
Ryo MATSUMOTO, Hidehiko KIKUNO, Olugboyega Success PELEMO, Malachy Oghenovo AKORODA, Antonio Jose LOPEZ-MONTES, and Hironobu SHIWACHI
Tropical Agriculture and Development 59 ( 4 ) 207 - 211 2015.12
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Mass propagation techniques are required to alleviate seed yam challenges. To validate the field performance of miniseed tubers (MSTs) from vine cuttings in yams, the growth and tuber productivity were investigated. From results of influence of MST weights on sprouting rate and tuber yield in white yam (D. rotundata), the MST showed a high sprouting rate even in tubers less than 5 g. Also, the fresh shoot weight and tuber yield was influenced by MST weights. In addition, productivity of MST was evaluated by comparing between MST and minisett which was cultivated under staking and non-staking cultivation condition on the sprouting rate and tuber yield in field with two varieties each of white yam and water yam (D. alata). The sprouting rate of MSTs was higher than minisetts in three of the selected varieties (P < 0.05). From the result of the comparison of tuber productivity between MST and minisetts, it was clarified that MST under staking cultivation was able to harvest tuber, which comparable yield of minisett under no-staking cultivation. To shorten the breeding cycle and to early distribute new varieties with
desired traits is expected through seed tuber production from MSTs. -
Effects of Nitrogen Application on Lowland Rice and Off-Season Yam Cropping in a Derived Savanna Zone in Nigeria Reviewed
Hidehiko Kikuno, Hironobu Shiwachi, Yuichi Hasegawa, Junya Ohata, Robert Asiedu, and Hiroko Takagi
Tropical Agriculture and Development 59 ( 2 ) 146 - 153 2015.09
Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
The present study investigated a new cropping system for cultivation of off-season yam after lowland rice. The experiments were carried out at IITA in Ibadan, Nigeria. The institute is located in a derived savanna, with the rainy season occurring from April to November and the dry season from December to March. Rice and white yam crops were rotated. The dormancy period of seed tubers was shifted using vine propagation. The first crop in this experiment was rice (September 2009 to January 2010), followed by yam (February to September 2010), and then rice again (September 2010 to January 2011). Four treatments were applied: a control of rice–yam–rice rotation without nitrogen (N) application at any phase; rice without N, followed by yam with 60 kg ha-1 N followed by rice without N; rice with 30 kg ha-1 N followed by yam without N, followed by rice without N; and rice with 30 kg ha-1 N, followed by yam with 60 kg ha-1 N, followed by rice without N. Nitrogen application to the yam cropping increased tuber yield. The comparable yields between the first and second rice croppings in the control treatment indicated that the intervening yam cropping did not reduce the yield of rice. The yam cropping did not leave behind additional effective nutrients that would affect rice cropping. These results suggested that lowland rice–yam crop rotation is a suitable new system for sustainable land use for yam.
Other Link： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jsta
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Growth of water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) under alkaline soil conditions. Reviewed
Hironobu Shiwachi, Hidehiko Kikuno, Junya Ohata, Yu Kikuchi and Kenji Irie
Tropical Agriculture and Development 59 ( 2 ) 107 - 114 2015.06
Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) are adaptable to cultivation under different soil conditions. This study aimed to reveal the effects on the growth of water yam under natural alkaline soil conditions (called Shimajiri Mahaji locally) at the Miyako Islands, Okinawa Prefecture in 2011 and under three fertilizer levels and varied pH in the greenhouse at Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan in 2012. The Shimajiri Mahaji soil for this experiment was of poor fertility with a pH of 7.9. The application of a larger quantity of fertilizer did not affect plant growth. The lack of effect of N: P: K fertilizer on the yield of ‘Okinawa white’ yam might have been due to the disturbance of mineral absorption by the alkaline soil conditions. The effect of alkaline soil conditions (pH 8.0) on the growth of five water yam cultivars including ‘Okinawa white’ was investigated at Tokyo, Japan. Plant growth varied among cultivars under alkaline soil conditions, in which some cultivars grew well. No Fe or Mn deficiency symptoms were observed on any tested cultivars under alkaline soil condition. The dry weights of tops and roots of ‘Okinawa white’ were smaller compared to control in alkaline soil, but the dry weight of tubers was not significantly different. Water yam could adapt to alkaline soil conditions, depending on the cultivar.
Other Link： https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/browse/jsta
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Phenotypic expression in upland NERICA rice under low temperature condition at germination stage. Reviewed
Abebaw Dessie,Irie Kenji, Hironobu Shiwachi
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resource 1 ( 5 ) 107 - 114 2014.11
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
The study was conducted with the objective to examine the potential of radicle and coleoptile lengths of twenty-two upland rice under three temperature conditions containing 14, 19 and 25 °c for 30, 20 and 7 days, respectively. The result in each level of temperature revealed significant effects for radicle length; coleoptile length at 14 and 25 °c, whereas no significant difference observed at 19 °c. Mean comparison (LSD) showed that NERICA18 had the highest coleoptile length at 14 °c followed by NERICA1 and NERICA7. Mean of radical length revealed NERICA7 had the highest followed by NERICA1. Strong correlation under 14 °c (r = 0.78) observed between coleoptile and radicle length but no obvious correlation (r = 0.32 and r =0.28) between them under 19 and 25 °c, respectively. Correlation between radiccle and coleoptile length were proved that a greater coleoptile length reduction was accompanied by a greater reduction in radicle length and germination index due to cold temperature stress. Strong correlation (r = 0.77) was found between radicle length and germination index under 14 °c, but weak correlation (r = 0.38 and r = 0.21) under 19 and 25 °c, respectively. Genotypes, NERICA7 and NERICA1 combined both high mean coleoptile and rdicle length and could be characterized as ideal genotypes. These probably possess genetic tolerance to low temperature stress and might be exploited as a source of cold tolerant genotype for rice breeding programs.
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Phenotypic expression in upland NERICA rice under low temperature condition at reproductive stage Reviewed
Abebaw Dessie,Irie Kenji, Hironobu Shiwachi
International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resource 1 ( 4 ) 88 - 95 2014.10
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
The study was conducted with the objective to examine the potential of panicle exertion, spikelet fertility percent and grain yield of twenty-two upland rice varieties in three different growing seasons.ANOVA result revealed that there were strong significant differences (p =0.01) between genotypes on panicle exertion under low temperature conditions. There were significant differences (p=0.05) between genotypes on spikelet fertility percent at low temperature but no significant between genotypes at normal temperature. The ANOVA revealed that NERICA7 gave highest yield (3222.10 kg/ha) followed by NERICA6 (3024.11kg/ha) in low temperature. Strong positive correlation (r = 0.49, p = 0.01) between spikelet fertility percent and grain yield found during low temperature condition means as spikelet fertility increased so did on grain yield. Genotypes, NERICA 7 combined all high mean panicle exertion, spikelet fertility and grain yield/ha and could be characterize as ideal genotype.
Other Link： http://www.aascit.org/journal/archive?journalId=923&issueId=9230104
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Selecting a Research Site for Regional Agricultural Development Model, A Case of Promoting Local Products in Rural Areas of Bogor, Indonesia Reviewed
Rie Miyaura, Hiroki Inaizumi, Akimi Fujimoto, Kenji Yokota, Hironobu Shiwachi and Tadashi Baba
J. Agric. Sci., Tokyo Univ. Agric 58 ( 03 ) 170 - 179 2013.12
Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Intra-Specific ploidy variations in cultivated chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.) Reviewed
P. K. Babil, Shinya Kondo, Hiroyoshi Iwata, Satoshi Kushikawa and Hironobu Shiwachi
Tropical Agriculture and Development 57 ( 03 ) 101 - 107 2013.09
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Chinese yam (Dioscorea polystachya Turcz.) is an edible tuber crop cultivated mainly in temperate regions of Japan and China. Chinese yam cultivars in Japan are classified into the following three groups: Nagaimo, Tsukuneimo, and Ichoimo, which produce cylindrical, round, and flattened tubers, respectively. In the present study, the chromosome numbers of cultivated Chinese yams from Japan were estimated. The chromosomes of the cultivar ‘Kagamaruimo’ were observed, and the chromosome number was estimated to be 2n = approximately 100. Flow cytometry using ‘Kagamaruimo’ as an internal reference standard revealed that the number of chromosomes in the 11 cultivars belonging to the Nagaimo group was 2n = approximately 140, while in the remaining 10 cultivars classified in the Tsukuneimo or Ichoimo group, the chromosome number was 2n = approximately 100. Based on data from shape analysis of leaves, and on the length, width, and size of the stoma, chinese yam cultivars were divided into two groups: cultivars with the chromosome number 2n = 100 and those with 2n = 140. Based on the results obtained in the present study, chinese yam cultivars can be divided into two genetic groups: a group containing cultivars of Nagaimo and a group containing cultivars of ‘Tsukuneimo’ and ‘Ichoimo’.
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Anatomical observation on release of tuber dormancy in water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Reviewed
Hironobu Shiwachi, Shuwan Chen, Ryo Matsumoto, Atusi Sanada and Hidekazu Toyohara
African Journal of Agricultural Research 8 ( 16 ) 1365 - 1369 2013.05
Authorship：Lead author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
The effects of gibberellin (GA) and a gibberellin inhibitor were investigated on bud growth of two water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) varities. The tubers were harvested after plants senescenced and were subsequently treated with GA and the gibberellin inhibitor uniconazole-P (UP). Tuber dormancy was radically prolonged by GA, but not influenced by UP. The bud germination was observed 90 days after harvesting in both varieties. However, the differentiated shoot meristem was found under microscope observation on top of tuber (corm) at harvesting. It was thought that the shoot meristem development started before harvesting. The observed dormancy period of 90 days was not actual dormancy period, and the true plant dormancy released before or with plant senescence. GA treatment after plant senescence inhibited the shoot meristem development.
DOI： 10.5897/AJAR
Other Link： http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/edition/2_May,_2013
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Growth of vine cuttings and fluctuation of endogenous plant hormones in water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Reviewed
Ryo Matsumoto, Hidehiko Kikuno, Hironobu Shiwachi, Hidekazu Toyohara, Yumiko Takabayashi, Yusuke Jikumaru, Yuji Kamiya
Tropical Agriculture and Development 57 ( 01 ) 23 - 30 2013.03
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
The growth of vine cuttings in water yam was influenced by the time when the cuttings were collected. Since it was considered that endogenous plant hormones affect the growth, we analyzed the fluctuations of the concentrations of endogenous plant hormones in the mother plants and compared them with the growth of vine cuttings. Endogenous plant hormones, GA1, GA4, IAA, ABA, JA, JA-Ile, SA, tZ, DHZ and iP were identified and quantified in water yam leaves and/or leaf axils to observe the fluctuations of their concentrations in the leaves and leaf axils during the plant growth. Moreover, the rate of mini-tuber formation and root development of vine cuttings exhibited a high correlation with the level of GA4 and IAA, respectively. Therefore, it was revealed that the changes in the growth of vine cuttings was affected by the fluctuations of the concentrations of endogenous plant hormones. To our knowledge, this is the first report in which a comparison between the concentrations of endogenous plant hormones and the growth of vine cuttings in water yam was carried out.
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カンボジア国のイネ品種プカールンドゥールの低酸素条件下における 苗の生長並びに種子の殺菌剤処理による苗立ち不良の改善 Reviewed
吉井健一郎・志和地弘信・入江憲治・豊原秀和
熱帯農業研究 5 ( 2 ) 81 - 87 2012.12
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
インディカイネのプカールンドゥール品種はカンボジアのバッタンバン州の主力品種であるが,直播き栽培において播種後に水田が湛水すると苗立ちが悪くなることが知られている.そこで,溶存酸素量とプカールントゥール品種の生長との関係を調べたところ,鞘葉は溶存酸素量にかかわらず伸長するが,溶存酸素量が 2 mgl-1 以下では本葉と根の伸長が阻害された.種子をコサイドおよびカスミンボ ルドー剤で処理をして湛水した水田土壌中に播種したところ,いずれのボルドー剤処理においても苗立ちが改善した.ボルドー剤処理は水田土壌表面水中の溶存酸素量と水田土壌中の酸化還元電位の低下を抑制したことから,土壌中の微生物の活動を抑えたものと考えられた.ボルドー剤による種子処理は直播栽培による苗立ち不良の改善に期待される.
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Genotypic variation in coleoptile or mesocotyl lengths of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) and seedling emergence in deep sowing Reviewed
Simon ALIBU, Yuri SAITO, Hironobu SHIWACHI and Kenji IRIE
African Journal of Agricultural Research 7 ( 47 ) 6239 - 6248 2012.12
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
A screen house study was conducted from May to December 2011 at Tokyo University of Agriculture in Japan to determine the effect of coleoptile and or mesocotyl elongation on seedling emergence in deep sowing. Six upland rice genotypes vary in coleoptile + mesocotyl lengths, and another ten genotypes varying only in mesocotyl lengths were selected and evaluated for seedling emergence at 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm sowing depths. Seedling emergence was significantly reduced by sowing depth. Across the genotypes, seedling emergence was not associated with coleoptile + mesocotyl length. And although coleoptile and mesocotyl lengths both increased with sowing depth, seedling emergence in deep sowing was affected largely by mesocotyl elongation rather than coleoptile elongation. Our results therefore suggest that seedling emergence in dry direct seeded upland rice can be improved by planting genotypes with long mesocotyls.
DOI： 10.5897/AJAR
Other Link： http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJAR/edition/13_December
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Phenetic analysis and intra-specific classification of Indonesian water yam germplasm (Dioscorea alata L.) based on morphological characters Reviewed
Purnomo, Budi Setiadi Daryono, Rugayah, Issirep Sumardi and Hironobu Shiwachi
SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 44 ( 2 ) 277 - 291 2012.12
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
Research on morphological variability and intra-specific classification of Indonesian water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) was conducted based on morphological characters (traits). Sample collection of Dioscorea spp. was done in some provinces in Indonesia including tubers, bulbils, stems, leafs, flowers, and fruits. Furthermore, tubers or bulbils were planted as live collections. Morphological characterization was conducted based on field and live collection data. Cluster analysis was carried out to identify key of intra-specific groups. The results showed that Indonesian water yam germplasm is classified into green and reddish-purple groups. Based on tuber shape and flesh color the green group was classified into 6 sub-groups: (1) white rounded to oblong, (2) white sweetish ob-ovate, (3) white ob-ovate to oblong, (4) yellow ob-ovate to oblong, (5) white to yellow long cylindrical, and (6) white oblong Papua water yam. Based on tuber shape, tuber skin, and color distribution in tuber flesh, the reddish-purple group is classified into 5 sub-groups: (1) purple long cylindrical, (2) purple ring white flash ob-ovate, (3) purple to red ob-ovate to oblong, (4) purple rounded to short cylindrical, and (5) yellow flesh purple skin water yam. The similarity of height within germplasm was due to vegetative propagation (clone) from tubers and bulbils.
Other Link： http://www.sabrao.org/journals/dec2012.pdf
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Recurring somaclonal variation as a factor of intra-specific diversity observed in Dioscorea alata L. Reviewed
5. P. K. Babil, D. Yasuhara, K. Sakaguchi, T. Iwashita, K. Irie, H. Shiwachi, H. Toyohara and H. Fujimaki
Tropical Agriculture and Development 56 ( 2 ) 71 - 79 2012.06
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Difference on ingredient of tuber among species and varieties in yams (Dioscorea spp.) Reviewed
Pei Hsuan LEE, Hironobu SHIWACHI, Kenji IRIE, Hiroshi ISHIDA, Hidekazu TOYOHARA
Food, Agriculture and Environment 9 136 - 144 2012.03
Authorship：Lead author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Relationship between coleoptile and mesocotyl elongation of upland rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings under submergence and soil-sand culture Reviewed
Simon Alibu, Yuri Saito, Hironobu Shiwachi and Kenji Irie
African Journal of Agricultural Research 6 ( 31 ) 6463 - 6472 2011.12
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
陸稲の63品種について水中および砂土中での子葉鞘と中胚軸の伸長の違いを調べた。子葉鞘と中胚軸の伸長は水中および砂土中で異なり、水中での子葉鞘と中胚軸の伸長に関係性が見られなかった。しかし、砂土中に埋設した種子では子葉鞘の伸長と中胚軸の伸長に相関関係があった。この特性は直播きのイネ種子の発芽の評価に利用できると考えられた。
DOI： 10.5897/AJAR11.1506
Other Link： http://www.academicjournals.org/ajar/
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Effective induction of polyploidy by in vitro treatment with colchicine and charcterization of induced polyploid varinats in water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Reviewed
P. K. Babil, Chikano Funayama, Ken Iijima, Kenji Irie, Hironobu Shiwachi, Hidekazu Toyohara and Hiroshi Fujimaki
Tropical Agriculture and Development 55 ( 4 ) 142 - 147 2011.12
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
ダイジョにおいてコルヒチンを用いた人為倍数体の効率的な誘発法を開発するとともに，人為倍数体とその親品種の形質を直接比較した．2倍体と3倍体品種について，コルヒチンのin vitro処理による効果的なゲノム倍加法を考案し,2倍体からは4倍体，3倍体からは6倍体の植物を作出することに成功した．4倍体品種は2倍体や3倍体に比べて葉や気孔が丸みを帯びる形状となることが分かった．また，気孔は倍数性水準の増大に伴い大きさや形状が変化し，数が減少することが分かった．
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Relation between the establishment of rice seedling and reduction condition of the soil by direct sowing method on paddy at Battambang province in Cambodia Reviewed
Kenichiro YOSHII, Hironobu SHIWACHI, Kenji IRIE and Hidekazu TOYOHARA
Research for Tropical Agriculture 4 ( 2 ) 90 - 98 2011.12
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Effect of collecting time, gibberellin and uniconazol - P on the growth of vine cuttings in water yam (Dioscorea alata L.) Reviewed
Ryo Matsumoto, Hironobu Shiwachi, Hidehiko Kikuno, Kenji Irie, Hidekazu Toyohara and Hiroshi Fujimaki
Research for Tropical Agriculture 4 ( 1 ) 22 - 26 2011.06
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：Japanese Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
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Effect of nutrient deficiencies and their symptoms on upland rice Reviewed
J.J. Mghase, H. Shiwachi, K. Irie and H. Takahashi
The International Society for Southeast Asian Agricultural Sciences 17 ( 1 ) 59 - 67 2011.06
Authorship：Corresponding author Language：English Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)
NERICA品種におけるN、P、K、CaおよびMgの養分欠乏症状は農林26号とYar 2と変わらなかった。NERICA品種はアジアイネ(Oryza sativa)とアフリカイネ(Oryza glaberrima)の種間雑種から育成されたイネであるが、アフリカイネの形質の影響が少ないものと考えられた。特に、アジアイネなどと同じくNおよびP欠乏は生育を強く阻害することが明らかになり、NおよびPの施肥は不可欠と考えられた。